Lieutenant General A.P. Hill in the Civil War

Born November 29, 1825, at his family plantation near Culpeper, VA, Ambrose Powell Hill was the son of Thomas and Frances Hill. The seventh and final of the couples children, he was named for his uncle Ambrose Powell   Hill (1785-1858) and Indian fighter Captain Ambrose Powell.   Referred to as Powell by his family, he was educated locally during his early years. At age 17, Hill elected to pursue a military career and received an appointment to West Point in 1842.   West Point Arriving at the academy, Hill became close friends with his roommate, George B. McClellan. A middling student, Hill was known for his preference for having a good time rather than academic pursuits. In 1844, his studies were interrupted after a night of youthful indiscretions in New York City. Contracting gonorrhea, he was admitted to the academy hospital, but failed to improve dramatically. Sent home to recover, he would be plagued by the effects of the disease for the remainder of his life, usually in the form of prostatitis. As a result of his health issues, Hill was held back a year at West Point and did not graduate with his classmates in 1846, which included notables such as Thomas Jackson, George Pickett, John Gibbon, and Jesse Reno. Dropping into the Class of 1847, he soon befriended Ambrose Burnside and Henry Heth. Graduating on June 19, 1847, Hill ranked 15th in a class of 38. Commissioned a second lieutenant, he received orders to join the 1st US Artillery which was engaged in the Mexican-American War. Mexico Antebellum Years Arriving in Mexico, Hill saw little action as the bulk of the fighting had finished. During his time there he suffered from a bout of typhoid fever. Returning north, he received a posting to Fort McHenry in 1848. The following year saw him assigned to Florida to aid in fighting the Seminoles. Hill spent the majority of the next six years in Florida with a brief interlude in Texas. During this time, he was promoted to first lieutenant in September 1851. Serving in an unhealthy climate, Hill contracted yellow fever in 1855. Surviving, he received a transfer to Washington, DC to work with the US Coast Survey. While there, he married Kitty Morgan McClung in 1859. This marriage made him brother-in-law to John Hunt Morgan. The marriage came after a failed pursuit of Ellen B. Marcy, daughter of Captain Randolph B. Marcy. She would later marry Hills former roommate McClellan. This would later lead to rumors that Hill fought harder if he thought McClellan was on the opposing side. The Civil War Begins On March 1, with the Civil War looming, Hill resigned his commission in the US Army. When Virginia left the Union the following month, Hill received command of the 13th Virginia Infantry with the rank of colonel. Assigned to Brigadier General Joseph Johnstons Army of the Shenandoah, the regiment arrived  at the First Battle of Bull Run that July but did not see action as it was assigned to guard Manassas Junction on the Confederate right flank. After service in the Romney Campaign, Hill received a promotion to brigadier general on February 26, 1862, and was given command of the brigade formerly belonging to Major General James Longstreet. The Light Division Serving gallantly during the Battle of Williamsburg and the Peninsula Campaign in the spring of 1862, he was promoted to major general on May 26. Taking command of the Light Division in Longstreets wing of General Robert E. Lees army, Hill saw substantial action against his friend McClellans army during the Seven Days Battles in June/July. Falling out with Longstreet, Hill and his division were transferred to serve under his former classmate Jackson. Hill quickly became one of Jacksons most reliable commanders and fought well at Cedar Mountain (August 9) and played a key role at Second Manassas (August 28-30). Marching north as part of Lees invasion of Maryland, Hill began bickering with Jackson. Capturing the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry on September 15, Hill and his division were left to parole the prisoners while Jackson moved to rejoin Lee. Completing this task, Hill and his men departed and reached the army on September 17 in time to play a key role in saving the Confederate right flank at the Battle of Antietam. Retreating south, Jackson and Hills relationship continued to deteriorate. Third Corps A colorful character, Hill typically wore a red flannel shirt in combat which became known as his battle shirt. Taking part in the Battle of Fredericksburg on December 13, Hill performed poorly and his men required reinforcement to prevent a collapse. With the renewal of campaigning in May 1863, Hill took part in Jacksons brilliant flanking march and attack on May 2 at the Battle of Chancellorsville. When Jackson was wounded, Hill took over the corps before being wounded in the legs and being forced to cede commander to Major General J.E.B. Stuart. Gettysburg With Jacksons death on May 10, Lee began to reorganize the Army of Northern Virginia. In doing so, he promoted Hill to lieutenant general on May 24 and gave him command of the newly formed Third Corps. In the wake of the victory, Lee marched north into Pennsylvania. On July 1, Hills men opened the Battle of Gettysburg when they clashed with Brigadier General John Bufords Union cavalry. Successfully driving back Union forces in concert with Lieutenant General Richard Ewells corps, Hills men took heavy losses. Largely inactive on July 2, Hills corps contributed two-thirds of the troops involved in the ill-fated Picketts Charge the next day. Attacking under the leadership of Longstreet, Hills men advanced on the Confederate left and were bloodily repulsed. Retreating to Virginia, Hill endured perhaps his worst day in command on October 14 when he was badly defeated at the Battle of Bristoe Station.   Overland Campaign In May 1864, Lieutenant Ulysses S. Grant commenced his Overland Campaign against Lee. At the Battle of the Wilderness, Hill came under heavy Union assault on May 5. The next day, Union troops renewed their attack and nearly shattered Hills lines when Longstreet arrived with reinforcements. While fighting shifted south to Spotsylvania Court House, Hill was forced to cede command due to ill health. Though traveling with the army, he played no part in the battle. Returning to action, he performed poorly at North Anna (May 23-26) and at Cold Harbor (May 31-June 12). After the Confederate victory at Cold Harbor, Grant moved to cross the James River and capture Petersburg. Beaten there by Confederate forces, he began the Siege of Petersburg. Petersburg Settling into the siege lines at Petersburg, Hills command turned back Union troops at the Battle of the Crater and engaged Grants men several times as they worked to push troops south and west to cut the citys rail links. Though commanding at Globe Tavern (August 18-21), Second Reams Station (August 25), and Peebles Farm (September 30-October 2), his health began to deteriorate again and his missed actions such as Boydton Plank Road (October 27-28). As the armies settled into winter quarters in November, Hill continued to struggle with his health. On April 1, 1865, Union troops under Major General Philip Sheridan won the key Battle of Five Forks west of Petersburg. The next day, Grant ordered a massive offensive against Lees overstretched lines in front of the city. Surging forward, Major General Horatio Wrights VI Corps overwhelmed Hills troops. Riding to the front, Hill encountered Union troops and was shot in the chest by Corporal John W. Mauck of the 138th Pennsylvania Infantry. Initially buried in Chesterfield, VA, his body was exhumed in 1867 and moved to Richmonds Hollywood Cemetery.

Education Reform Needs For A Higher Education System

Education reform needs to be one of the top priorities among our country. Our current educational system requires people to pay thousands of dollars for a higher education. Students are forced to take out loans that put them into severe debt for the duration of their live. Low-income students, especially, do not have many options nor are they able to afford higher education and the price is steadily increasing. It is the government’s duty to make this at the forefront of their problems because education is tied to national success, and will only strengthen our country. Like most things, this issue is very heavily divided among partisan lines. With the various views on the matter, it seems only the Democratic party has the best interests of our students. In order to provide a successful national higher education system in which students won’t be in debt trying to acquire a degree, the government has to bring about serious reform. The steps that have been taken include s ome form of free college for those who simply cannot afford it, providing enough financial aid to make up for the lack there is today, lowering interest rates on loans that cripple our nation in debt, ensuring the needs of low-income families are met, and last but certainly not least providing recent graduates with more job opportunities. There are people in this country who cannot afford to go to college but should be given the right, and free college is a right. Democratic Presidential nominee BernieShow MoreRelatedHistory of Higher Education in Italy1468 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Higher Education Internationally: Italy ED 678: The Foundations of Higher Education The groundwork for higher education in Italy was set back in the Middle Ages, similar to other Western European countries of the period. Clusters of students and scholars originally formed the traditional university in Italy. 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Case Study Analysis Part a Power Play for Howard Essay Example For Students

Case Study Analysis Part a : Power Play for Howard Essay †¢Briefly summarized the case. Juwan Howard, 23- year-old, negotiation case dealt with a basketball player bargaining between two teams (Washington Bullets and Miami Heat) struggle of team allegiances and negotiation of contract. Howard was drafted in 1994 by the Washington Bullets, a junior from University of Michigan with an 11-year salary for $37. 5 million with an option of becoming a free agent after two years. He signed but thought the contract amount was less than what he was valued. Juwan loved playing in Washington D. C; he established himself and valuable in the National Basketball Association (NBA) commodity becoming a team favorite by all fans, and active in the community. The summer of July 11, 1996, Juwan Howard became the club’s all-star free agent represented by David Falk owner of Falk Associates Management Enterprises (FAME) arrived at his office to bargain for $100 million contract to Washington Bullet offer from the National Basketball Association (NBA) team executives. Washington Bullets General Manager, Wes Unseld sat down and made an offer of seven-year for $78. million dollar, in which would have amounted to $136,000 per game from 2002 to 2003. Howard became tearful and very disappointed remembered the team managers promised they would do whatever they could to keep him on the team. Pat Riley coach of the Miami Heat offered Howard $91 million and $3. 5 million in bonuses. The Bullets countered offered Howard $84 million. Miami Heat executives and Pat Riley after hearing about the amount Washington offered Howard became interested offering a seven-year guaranteed $100. million, which was the biggest in the team history with perks of luxury hotels and limousine service. The Bullets then offered Howard $94. 5 million, Falk rejected the offer and the next day the Bullets canceled Howard’s existing contract saying they would part ways and look at other free agents. After 30 days of back and forth of negotiations, Howard decided to sign with Miami and in route to Miami shopping for new house and sign the deal, in the airport terminal approached by an agent informed him that the contract became invalided by the league because of threats, legal maneuvers, and changing alliances. Pat Riley earlier had negotiated privately a contract with Alonzo Mourning of the Miami Heat and would make him the highest rank player on the team. Unfortunately, Riley did not have permission to negotiate deals with players without informing the NBA according to Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA). The following year after negotiation the Washington Bullet became the Wizards. Riley and Miami Heat owners disputed the ruling from CBA and threatened to pursue arbitration would cause conflict of interest. The NBA Deputy Commissioner, Russ Granik informed Arison owner of the Miami Heat by phone agreeing with CBA they would not regain Howard in arbitration. The Heat tried to obtain a temporary injunction stopping Howard from signing a contract back with the Washington Bullets. The NBA and Miami agreed to drop all legal proceedings in which, the Heat abandon the injunction and the league drop the pursued alleged undisclosed Mourning agreement from Pat Riley, and they signed Brown and Hardaway to new contracts by removing whether their bonuses in which likely or not, and Mourning signed a seven-year, $105 million contract. The league had the entire issue wired, which forced Miami to settle and presented the Heat with a plea bargain, if they went to arbitrator, they will go to jail for 100 years and if not they would be free. The league union agreed and restored the Bullets Bird rights; if a player signs a second contract because the first contract was invalid, then the second contract becomes valid, and allow Murray, and Williams remain with the Bullets. .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 , .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .postImageUrl , .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 , .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9:hover , .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9:visited , .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9:active { border:0!important; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9:active , .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9 .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u283ed3eb7ab51ef16ab9dea0fa92a5f9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The borrowing system EssayOn August 10, Juwan Howard contract with the Bullets was approved for seven-years worth $100. 8 million plus $4. 2 million cover Maryland taxes. Juwan Howard seven-years, $105 million Bullets contract took only 30 minutes to negotiate. Unseld refused to match Riley offer of hotel suites and limos because he wanted all players to ride the team bus together and stay in a regular room. Howard became the first basketball player in history to sign a $110 million and $105 million contract, becoming the $205 million dollar man.